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非小细胞肺癌的靶向治疗:色瑞替尼

2023-06-01 14:13:31 编辑:join 浏览量:633

非小细胞肺癌的靶向治疗:色瑞替尼

【非小细胞肺癌NCCN指南2017第7版】Discussion讨论TreatmentApproaches治疗手段TargetedTherapies靶向治疗OralTKIs口服的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂Ceritinib色瑞替尼CeritinibisanoralTKIALKinhibitorthatisapprovedbytheFDAforpatientswithALK-positivemetastaticNSCLCwhohaveprogressedonorareintoleranttocrizotinib.Theapprovalisbasedonanexpandedphase1study(ASCEND-

1)showingoverallresponseratesof56%toceritinibinpatients(92/163)whohadpreviouslyreceivedcrizotinib;the240,633mediandurationofresponsewas8.3months(6.8–9.7).Commongrade3to4adverseeventsincludedincreasedalanineaminotransferase(73[30%]patients)andincreasedaspartateaminotransferase(25[10%]).SomepatientswithCNSlesionsrespondedtoceritinib.BasedonthestudyandtheFDAapproval,theNCCNPanelrecommendsceritinibassubsequenttherapyforpatientswithALK-positiveNSCLCwhohaveprogressedaftercrizotinib.Patientswhodonottoleratecrizotinibmaybeswitchedtoalectiniborceritinib(ifnotpreviouslygiven),orbrigatinib.Aphase2trial(ASCEND-

2)assessedceritinibinpatientswhohadpreviouslyreceivedatleast2ormoretreatments,hadprogressedoncrizotinib,andhadbrainmetastases.Theoverallresponseratewas38%;thedurationofresponsewas9.7months(95%CI,7.1–11.1months).Theintracranialoverallresponseratewas45.0%(95%CI,23.1%–68.5%).色瑞替尼是一种口服的TKIALK抑制剂,已被FDA批准用于克唑替尼进展或不能耐受、ALK阳性的转移性非小细胞肺癌患者。批准是根据一项扩展的1期研究(ASCEND-

1)显示,在既往已接受克唑替尼治疗的患者中,色瑞替尼治疗的总有效率为56%(92/163);中位疗效持续时间是8.3个月(6.8-9.7)。常见的3-4级不良事件包括丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(73例[30%])及天冬氨酸转氨酶升高(25例[10%])。某些具有CNS病变的患者对色瑞替尼应答。基于该研究和FDA的批准,研究小组建议色瑞替尼作为ALK阳性的NSCLC患者在克唑替尼进展后的后续治疗。不耐受克唑替尼的患者可以转换至阿雷替尼或色瑞替尼(如果既往未给予)或布加替尼。一项2期试验(ASCEND-

2)评估了色瑞替尼治疗既往曾接受过至少2个或以上治疗、克唑替尼进展并有脑转移的患者。总有效率是38%;疗效持续时间是9.7个月(95%CI,7.1-11.1个月)。颅内病变总有效率为45.0%(95%CI,23.1%-68.5%)。Arecentphase3trialassessedceritinibversusplatinum-basedchemotherapyasfirst-linetherapyforpatientswithALK-positivemetastaticNSCLC.ThedatashowthatPFSwasimprovedwhenusingceritinibwhencomparedwithplatinum-basedchemotherapy;themedianPFSwas16.6months(95%CI,12.6–27.2)forceritiniband8.1months(CI,5.8–11.1)forchemotherapy(hazardratio0.55[95%CI,0.42–0.73];P.00001).Forceritinib,commonadverseeventsincludeddiarrhea(85%[160/189]ofpatients),nausea(69%[130/189]),vomiting(66%[125/189),andanincreaseinalanineaminotransferase(60%[114/189]).Forchemotherapy,commonadverseeventsincludednausea(55%[97/175patients],vomiting(36%[63/175]),andanemia(35%[62/175]).Forthe2017update(Version5),theNCCNPanelrecommends(category1)ceritinibasfirst-linetherapyforpatientswithALK-positivemetastaticNSCLCbasedonthisphase3trial.Forthe2017update(Version7),panelmembersvotedthatalectinib(category1)isthepreferredagentforfirst-linetherapyforpatientswithmetastaticNSCLCwhoarepositiveforALKgenerearrangements(seeAlectinibinthisDiscussion).最近一项3期试验评估了色瑞替尼与以铂为基础的化疗作为ALK-阳性转移性非小细胞肺癌患者的一线治疗。数据显示,与以铂为基础的化疗相比,使用色瑞替尼延长无进展生存期;中位无进展生存期色瑞替尼是16.6个月(95%CI,12.6-27.2),化疗是8.1个月(CI,5.8-11.1)(风险比为0.55[95%CI,0.42-0.73];P0.00001)。色瑞替尼常见的不良反应包括腹泻(85%[160/189])、恶心(69%[130/189])、呕吐(66%[125/189)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(60%[114/189])。化疗常见的不良反应包括恶心(55%[97/175])、呕吐(36%[63/175])和贫血(35%[62/175])。根据该3期试验,2017第5版更新,NCCN小组推荐(1类)色瑞替尼作为ALK阳性转移性非小细胞肺癌患者的一线治疗。2017第7版更新,专家组成员投票决定阿雷替尼是ALK基因重排阳性的转移性非小细胞肺癌患者一线治疗首选药物(1类)(见本讨论中的阿雷替尼)。

标签:非小,靶向,色瑞替

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